Processo de amendoim

PDF of Peanut Processing Equipments

Peanut Sieving Machine
Capacity: 2.5ton per hour

Peanut Shelling Machine
Capactiy: 400kg-3000kg per hour

Peanut Soaking Machine
For wet peanut peeling process

Peanut Drying Machine
For roasting,drying and cooling peanuts

Peanuts are grown in the warm climates of Asia, Africa, Australia, and North and South America. China and India together account for more than half of the world's production. The United States has about 3% of the world acreage of peanuts, but grows nearly 10% of the world's crop because of higher yields per acre. Other major peanut growing countries include Senegal, Sudan, Brazil, Argentina, South Africa, Malawi, and Nigeria.
Our company is one of the pioneer enterprises in developing, designing and manufacturing peanut machinery. It has led the development of peanut machinery industry in these years and has become one of the head peanut machinery enterprises. Our peanut machinery has been exported to the hereinbefore countries.

Application of Peanuts

Peanuts or groundnuts are a high value crop that can be marketed with little processing but are extremely versatile and can be used in a wide range of products. The oil can be used for cooking, they can be used as a shortening or as a base for confectioneries and they can be used to make peanut butter.

Introduction of Peanuts/Groundnuts Plant and Process Steps

There are two types of groundnut, a bush and a runner. Hybrids of the two varieties have been developed and are commercially available. The pods of the bush variety contain one or two kernels in a thin shell. The runner variety has one to three kernels in a thicker shelled pod. Irrigation techniques consist of regular watering up to ripening stage and then reduced to avoid wrinkling. Nitrogen fixing nodules are found on the roots although nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are often added to the soil to improve yields.

Harvesting
The groundnut plants are annually harvested by being pulled or dug up. This is usually called 'lifting'. There are various designs of equipment available to assist in lifting groundnuts. Peanut harvester is developed as a groundnut lifter for harvesting the peanut crops. It is pulled by a tractor, with depth wheels and plough-like bars for lifting up the groundnuts.

Stripping
This is the process of removing groundnuts in-shell from the haulm after lifting and, usually, drying. This is normally done by hand and is a tedious and time consuming operation. The pods are removed by picking or flailing. The Peanut Picking Machine is to be used at this process.

Blanching
Blanching is a process that destroys enzymes (biological compounds that are responsible for deterioration and off-flavours in foods after harvest), while retaining the colour and most of the nutritional value. It is a very simple process and basically involves the immersion of the foodstuff in boiling water or steam for a very short time, followed by rapid cooling by plunging in very cold water. To carry out this process at the small scale all that is required is a large tank in which water can be boiled. At a slightly higher level, there is specific blanching equipment available- both water and steam blanchers. The Peanut Soaking Machine is for this process.

Oil extraction
Peanut oil contains high amounts of energy and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) and essential fatty acids. The oil content of peanut kernels is between 45% and 55%.
The peanuts are prepared for the oil extraction process by being shelled and cleaned. Oil production requires some type of press with which to extract the oil form the groundnuts and filtering equipment.
 The screw press of YZL series oil press that would be suitable for extracting oil from peanuts, as well as many other agricultural crops. There are quite a number of presses of very similar design, they are simple to make, except for the screw which would have to be machined.

Peanut Butter Production
The peanuts are first shelled and cleaned. They are then roasted at 425°F (218°C) for 40-60 minutes either a) on trays in an oven, the nuts being turned by hand from time to time or b) in equipment similar to that used for roasting coffee. This small rotary roaster allows each nut to become uniformly roasted.
After roasting the nuts will be well browned and the skins loose. After cooling, it is necessary to remove the skins by gentle brushing, an inspection will allow the manual removal of discoloured and other rejected material.
A simple winnower to remove the skin from the nuts can be made by allowing the nuts to fall in a gentle stream in front of an electric fan. The Heavy nuts will fall straight down while the lighter skin will be blown away.
The separated peanuts can be grinding by Peanut Grinding Machine. Nuts are often ground in a mill that may be powered with a motor. The types of mill will depend on the scale of production. The most commonly used mill is an adjustable plate mill. The tighter the distance between the plates are, the finer the texture of the butter. The milling process may have to be repeated to obtain the desired texture.
Salt may be added at this stage; about 2% by weight. A special anti-oxidant chemical may be added to prevent rancidity, which will develop after a few months. However, to start with the product will probably by sold very soon after manufacture. The peanut butter is then packed in jars.
The type of peanut butter produced by this process is of the 'crunchy' variety, and adjustments on the mill can produce varying textures. For the very smooth paste a more sophisticated milling process is required, with the high levels of heat being produced during milling causing difficulties.
To avoid separation of the oil and the settling out of the solids within the peanut butter after few days of storing, the stabiliser called glyceryl monstearate (GMS) can be added to the at 2-3% by weight (see Food Chain Journal number 30). It is suggested that all of the GMS is added to a small amount of the peanut butter to form a premix and then this is mixed into the main batch. This results in more even distribution of the small amount of GMS in the batch